Aubrey Fernandez The Banff Centre He marked the occasion by putting his wedding ring back on, telling one of the men, "I have a feeling it may bring us good fortune." 1, pg. Get directions, maps, and traffic for Greeley, CO. It's amazing that they didn't all die. In 1905, he accepted the honor of serving as the first president of The Explorers Club and in 1915, he invited the Italian polar geographer Arnaldo Faustini to the United States for a lecture tour. Narrator: By March the camp had been awakened by the returning sun, and the entire crew galvanized by their next challenge: beating the British record for Farthest North. The survivors came to recognize the mental breakdown that presaged death. David Shedd, Greely Descendant: It would almost be as if we sent people out into space, lost track of them, and then argued about whether we could afford to go look for them. Gaukur Gunnarsson, Assistant Camera ", The response was slow in coming. If no ship had arrived by the end of the summer, these cavalrymen were to sail 250 miles over some of the most treacherous seas in the world in three tiny boats, make their way past the bottleneck of ice, and meet the ship at Cape Sabine. The John Greely Family Get directions, maps, and traffic for Greely, ON. Al Frisch/Hollywood Guns & Props Then, after just a few hours' rest, rather than returning to safety at Camp Clay, he chose to walk back to Rice's unburied body. He was up on the bow looking for the leads ahead. And the key to understanding this system was the Polar Regions. Many of the men wrote in their private diaries that this was absolutely foolish. Greely attended the First Presbyterian Church of Newburyport. Susan A. Kaplan, Anthropologist: These men were really extraordinary in the care that they took of one another. The men don't lose sight of the gross ignorance and incapacity of the man who brought them to this present strait.". We started off under the brightest of skies, with the finest of weather.". By the end of August they knew that the ship wasn't coming. The Army had held up its start, leaving the lieutenant just a few weeks to recruit his men. But that night a bitter storm collapsed the tent the seven survivors had occupied when the shelter flooded. xx, 323, (1) pp. Freed from the restraints of military discipline, how would 25 men fare in a lawless wilderness over the coming winter, or two, or three? Narrator: June 20th was the sixth anniversary of Greely's wedding. But Greely never relented — not then, and not now. Popular treatment of the infamous Greely Expedition. Sara E. Brown, Maps and Additional Animation He was, in short, being asked to lead a mutiny. I, however, am fully aware of the very dangerous situation we are yet in. Proteus, Greely and his team reached Ellesmere Island in the Arctic Circle and prepared for their unprecedented mission. An epic story of adventure, abandonment and human tragedy, The Greely Expedition tells of an 1881 scientific mission to the Arctic that ended with death and rumors of cannibalism. Composed and Performed by David Prior That night, as Greely slept, three men approached Brainard with a plan. Rice.". He and his men had few supporters back home. Measures 4" x 2.5" and is in fine condition. George Rice (Justin Mader): "All preparations for the ship's coming have ceased: we have accepted the inevitable conclusion. One of his fingers fell off a few days ago, and several others will follow in a short time.". Jim Lotz, Writer: Oh, they were all over it. 'Greely, is this you?'". Thought Equity Motion in Washington, D.C. [9] Henrietta was a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution and one of the founding vice presidents general of the Children of the American Revolution. Called the First International Polar Year, it would create a chain of 14 stations around the Arctic, at which observers would collect synchronized meteorological, astronomical and magnetic data. He is the second person (after SGM Frederick William Gerber) to be awarded the Medal of Honor for "lifetime achievement" rather than for acts of physical courage at the risk of one's own life. Jim Lotz, Writer: Oh, it's a wondrous place. Directed by Rob Rapley. A daunting story of shipwreck, starvation, mutiny and cannibalism amongst a group left abandoned in the high Arctic. In June 1886, Greely was promoted to captain after serving twenty years as a lieutenant and, in March 1887, President Grover Cleveland appointed him as Chief Signal Officer of the U.S. Army with the rank of brigadier general. Susan A. Kaplan, Anthropologist: At Fort Conger they had everything they needed. Greely was even more isolated than he knew. Image result for greely expedition map. Greely is a blue-grey wolf, with a light blue underbelly (depends on artwork variants). Jim Lotz, Writer: It became very obvious that the army had screwed up to put it mildly and the media started to ask about these things. [13] Until after WWII the Navy Medal of Honor could be awarded for noncombat actions, reflecting different criteria within the United States armed forces. Narrator: Adolphus Greely died in 1935, at the age of 91. They had been drawn from a small pool of Army volunteers; none of the soldiers had ever been north; few had even been to sea. Hólmavík, Iceland George Rice had already led a series of searches, looking for stockpiles of food left by previous Arctic explorers. Timothy Messler The Lionel Pincus and Princess Firyal Map Division, The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations Matt Snedecor Greely had ordered the abandonment of Fort Conger, and Brainard dutifully carried out his orders. See more ideas about polar, expedition, franklin expedition. Darrel Tawney, Location Production Assistants Daniel Zazt/Footage Search And then Fredericks brought back all of Rice's unused food to the group. Narrator: This would be Greely's crowning achievement -- a nation devoted to the mastery of nature would surely honor the man who brought home the prize. Jim Lotz, Writer: There was an effort to cover up and to conceal the cannibalism but there's no way you can make any information system airtight. She didn't have many connections, but she worked them tirelessly, urging one cousin to pester the Chicago Tribune, another the Atlanta Constitution, while others did the same in Denver, New Orleans, Philadelphia and elsewhere. [10], In retirement General Greely resided at 1635 R Street N.W. Henrietta took her cause to the press. Both opened new frontiers and added to man’s knowledge of the unknown. Miraculously, Garlington's men all made their way to outposts on the Greenland coast over the next few weeks. He was a third cousin of American author and statesman Horace Greeley. In July 1881, Lt. A. W. Greely and his crew of 24 scientists and explorers were bound for the last region unmarked on global maps… There was no rescue party waiting at Littleton Island -- there would be no deliverance on April 1st, or May 1st, or June 1st. They were too weak to do anything about it. Denver Public Library, Western History Collection They were on their own, with no connection to the outside world. By then, the traumatized survivors could think of nothing but getting home. He led the effort to build a shelter in the gathering darkness, and dispatched missions to find caches of food. Philip Cronenwett, Historian: They all should have died. On August 1, 1884, a rescue vessel pulled into the harbor of Portsmouth, New Hampshire carrying First Lieutenant Adolphus Greely and the five other remaining survivors of the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition. See more ideas about expedition, arctic, franklin expedition. The ruff on the back of his neck/head is very ragged and darker than the rest of his fur. David Shedd, Greely Descendant: She must have seen something in him that he didn't express normally to other people. That which was thoroughly rotten and covered with green mold was thrown on the ground, and was eagerly devoured by the half-famished party. Sigurður Freyr Björnsson, Locations (Enter your ZIP code for information on American Experience events and screening in your area.). "This was not simply some new Arctic expedition. Michael Robinson, Historian: This was not simply some new Arctic expedition. Published in the press, gruesome accounts of cannibalism and murder tainted Greely's reputation as a commander as well as the team's scientific achievements for more than a century. In the summer of 1881 the United States sent two parties, both led by Signal Corps officers, one to Point Barrow, Alaska, and the other to Lady Franklin Bay on Ellesmere Island in northern Canada, less than 500 miles from the North Pole. One afternoon Brainard was standing near the galley and one of the crew asked him, what he was doing. As for the horrors of the last winter, someone else would have to answer for that. He believed a rescue ship was waiting, but there was none. He has white tufts as eyebrows, and three blue spots under his eyes (assumed to be markings). pg. Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: Henry was a big guy, he'd begged to get on Greely's expedition... but he had a very checkered history. Jim Lotz, Writer: It's astonishing in this extreme situation, the affection of these tough western soldiers. When he gave the order to shoot Henry it caused barely a murmur of protest. But for now all that would have to wait. "I stooped and kissed the cheek of my dead companion," Fredericks recalled, "and left him there for the wild winds of the Arctic to sweep over.". By the time they reached Ellison, he was near death. Death had come in waves — five in the second week of April, four in the middle of May. Narrator: For the enlisted men, winter enforced an idleness that was no less challenging. They were able to move up there rather quickly. .... We at last reached Camp Clay at 2:10 am. Narrator: On arriving at St. John's, Greely wired Washington: "For the first time in three centuries," Greely proclaimed, "England yields the honor of the farthest north. Now they were at the mercy of the winds and tides. With winter setting in Greely and his men were forced to winter at Cape Sabine with inadequate rations and little fuel. Archives and Special Collections, Queen Elizabeth II Library, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: The thing about the Greely expedition is that it became a morality play. Then the pressure became stronger and stronger and stronger until they just had to do, the military had to do something. [5], A rescue expedition, led by Capt. Damon Smith Production Central He was lost. Theresa Leonard, Tom Montvilla Composed by David Prior with John Matthias It was insane to do this. Chief of Bureau of Navigation. He was promoted to 1st lieutenant on 26 April 1864 and to captain on 4 April 1865. Callie T. Wiser When members of the rescue party reached Camp Clay, they came upon a scene of horror. They reached Cape Sabine expecting to find food and equipment depots from the supply ships, but these had not been provided. David Legge Brainard achieved a new "farthest north" record of 83°23'8" on Lockwood Island. He was also a member of the Sons of the Revolution, the General Society of the War of 1812 and the Grand Army of the Republic. With Tim Hopper, Justin Mader, Michael Murphy, Rich Porfido. This page was last edited on 29 December 2020, at 01:28. [1], In 1881, First Lieutenant Greely was given command of the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition on the ship Proteus. Narrator: George Rice, a 24-year-old photographer from Nova Scotia, lacked Brainard's military training, but he did share his sense of adventure. Naval History and Heritage Command "We are now using [Greely's] data to understand how global warming happens," says Robinson, "to understand how the climate has changed over the last hundred years. Pamela Gaudiano The Lady Franklin Bay Expedition, however, had another motive: the United States wanted to beat the longstanding "Farthest North" record claimed by the British for decades. And so in a sense people begin to envision the earth almost like an organism with a set of circulation systems. Narrator: The Army seemed to hold a grudge against the survivors for having tarnished its reputation. Judging just from these love letters it was obvious that he would do anything to sort of keep her attention. For three centuries England had held the honors, but no more. Then, suddenly, after 51 days at sea, and with only a few days of pale sun remaining, Greely and his men washed up on the rocky, barren shores near Cape Sabine. David Brainard (Rich Porfido): "I had rather be laid out by his side on Cemetery Ridge, than go back without him, so great is the respect, admiration and affection that I have formed towards him this winter. And he did it exceedingly well. Watch Chapter 1 of The Greely Expedition. Even if the government did send another mission, it couldn't reach them before mid-summer. The Civil War left him with a deep devotion to the Republic that had rescued him from obscurity. Card signed and dated shortly after their rescue in 1884. This order is imperative and absolutely necessary for any chance of life. David Brainard (Rich Porfido): "This afternoon I opened a barrel of dog biscuit and found a large percentage entirely ruined. Considered the true hero of the doomed Lady Franklin Bay Expedition (a.k.a. WGBH Educational Foundation This was really an attempt at a new science of the world. Greely spent the years after the expedition collecting and publishing their scientific data with a devotion befitting a solemn memorial. They could have lived there for years, probably unhappily, but they could have lived there for years. The two men took shelter behind an iceberg. Garlington just got the hell out of there. 473. "But as the men begin to contemplate that they may not return home, then suddenly leaving behind some kind of legacy for all this pain and suffering becomes more important." Adolphus Washington Greely (March 27, 1844 – October 20, 1935) was a United States Army officer, polar explorer, and recipient of the Medal of Honor. David Brainard (Rich Porfido): "May 13th 1882. But the crowding, the darkness, the cold and all of their other afflictions would soon be eclipsed by one cruel obsession: food. George Rice, the official photographer on the Lady Franklin Bay scientific expedition to the Arctic in 1881, kept a journal until he froze to death in April 1884. He is buried at Arlington Cemetery, next to Henrietta. With only a makeshift shelter and virtually no animals to be found in the desolate region, men began to die one by one of hunger and exposure to the elements. Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: You're beginning to see the strong people become stronger, and the weak people become weaker. The expedition also crossed Ellesmere Island from east to west and Lt. James B. Lockwood and Sgt. He had never again left the woman who, almost alone, had kept faith. Powell, Theodore: "The Long Rescue", W.H. There, they would take part in a revolutionary scientific mission, and explore the limits of the known world. [citation needed], General Greely received the Medal of Honor in 1935: "For his life of splendid public service, begun on March 27, 1844, having enlisted as a private in the U.S. Army on July 26, 1861, and by successive promotions was commissioned as major general February 10, 1906, and retired by operation of law on his 64th birthday.". He was a good soldier to the last — he never complained publicly of his expedition's abandonment. Philip Cronenwett, Historian: Rice was not only the photographer on the expedition, but if anything had to be done Rice was volunteering to do it. The irony is that the data is of interest today but not because it offers the key to an understanding of nature, but because it offers a key to how human beings have changed nature. But this time, Garlington insisted on pushing ahead, and ordered the Proteus into a narrow lead, overruling the objections of the ship's veteran captain. The Explorers Club Michael Robinson, Historian: The hope was that this would offer the key to a new climatic understanding of the world. Oliver Canales Greely and his crew of 24 scientists and explorers were bound for the last region unmarked on global maps… At 12:15 pm, St. John's time, our voyage commenced. Superb autographed card signed by then Sergeant (eventual General) David L. Brainard. He couldn't deny that cannibalism had taken place, but he vehemently denied having known about it. We unfurled the glorious Stars and Stripes to the northern breezes with an exultation impossible to describe.". Secondary Sources: Geoffrey E. Clark, Abandoned in the Arctic: Adolphus W. Greely and the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition, 1881-1884 (Portsmouth, NH: Portsmouth Athenaeum, 2007). The Greely Expedition on site in the Arctic. The expedition was led by Lieutenant Adolphus W. Greely of the Fifth United States Cavalry, with astronomer Edward Israel and photographer George W. Rice among the crew of 21 officers and men. Check flight prices and hotel availability for your visit. Narrator: As the only daughter of a bank president, Henrietta had grown up in wealth and comfort. Narrator: Greely tried to counter the despair with a careful system of rationing. Spence-Thomas Audio Post, Supervising Sound Editor Gramercy Post Robert N. Dennis Collection of Stereoscopic Views, Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs, The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: The whole chemistry of the expedition worsens when the ship doesn't arrive. As for the Army's senior command, the whole affair was a pointless distraction from the Indian Wars in the West. He was awarded the Royal Geographical Society's Founder's Medal in 1886,[14] and the American Geographical Society's Charles P. Daly Medal in 1922. Jan 10, 2015 - Explore Pinfectionist's board "Polar explorers - Adolphus Greely", followed by 8259 people on Pinterest. And Rice, who was in charge of the party, had to make the decision either we take the rations or we take Ellison. "At the first wanderings," Greely wrote, "we looked at each other, conscious that still another was about to pass away." But with each passing day, the tranquility of summer gave way to a growing uneasiness. Corbis Narrator: From the moment Henrietta learned of the Garlington disaster, she pleaded with the Signal Corps, with the Secretary of War, with the President himself, urging they make another effort in the last remaining days of the sailing season. "We have been lured here to our destruction. 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